Based on working principles, they can be divided into four categories: mechanical presses (crank drive, fast speed, high efficiency, suitable for thin plate stamping); hydraulic presses (high-pressure hydraulic drive, high pressure, adjustable stroke, suitable for thick plates and complex parts); forging hammers (impact kinetic energy forming, flexible but with large vibration); screw presses (flywheel energy storage, combining striking and compressing characteristics). Core advantages: high strength, high material utilization rate, good batch consistency, forged parts are fatigue-resistant and have a long service life, suitable for key load-bearing components; after automation, they can operate continuously for 24 hours, significantly reducing costs and increasing efficiency.